The Importance of History and Perspective in Understanding Mediæval Philosophy: The Case of Maimonides’ Response to the Question of Eternity, 2023
By: S. M. Hadi Gerami
Title The Importance of History and Perspective in Understanding Mediæval Philosophy: The Case of Maimonides’ Response to the Question of Eternity
Type Article
Language English
Date 2023
Journal The Maghreb Review
Volume 40
Issue 3
Pages 289-307
Categories Relation between Philosophy and Theology, Maimonides, al-Ġazālī
Author(s) S. M. Hadi Gerami
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)
The study aims to show how taking history and perspective into consideration could help in understanding mediæval philosophy. To that end, in spite of a philosophical assumption which usually considers that there is no connection between eternity and creation, the paper assumes that Maimonides planned to establish a distinct response which was neither creation nor eternity. Investigating Maimonides’ perspective will be approached in two ways. Firstly, through the distinction between Maimonides, on one hand and theologians and philosophers on the other will be discussed from an intellectual point of view. Al-Ghazālī will be compared to Maimonides to show that, despite initial impressions, they differ substantially from each other on this issue. It will also be shown how Maimonides differentiated his discourse from that of the Greek philosophers. It will firstly be shown here that Maimonides’ response to the question of eternity adopts a different position from that of the classical theologians and the ancient philosophers. Secondly, the historicity of Maimonides’ discourse, or whether anyone else shared Maimonides’ conciliatory approach, will be examined. It will be shown that Averroes has the highest affinity with Maimonides in this regard. This will result in recognition of the fact that Maimonides’ “conciliatory approach” was shared with some other mediæval philosophers such as Averroes. Ultimately, it will be explained how Maimonides’ complicated concept of eternity can be better understood and justified if one takes perspective and historical discourse into consideration, showing that he was someone who tried to incorporate “conciliatory discourse” into mediæval philosophy.

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Investigating the Influence of Ibn Rushd from Ghazali on the Issue of Interpretation of Religious Texts, 2022
By: Abuzar Rajabi, Morsal Azizi
Title Investigating the Influence of Ibn Rushd from Ghazali on the Issue of Interpretation of Religious Texts
Type Article
Language Arabic
Date 2022
Journal Comparative Theology
Volume 13
Issue 27
Pages 1-16
Categories al-Ġazālī, Influence, Relation between Philosophy and Theology
Author(s) Abuzar Rajabi , Morsal Azizi
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)
Islamic thinkers do not think alike about understanding similar verses and the issue of the appearance and interiority of verses, and sometimes there are fundamental differences between them. Al-Ghazali and Ibn Rushd are in favor of using the method of interpretation in understanding similar verses and considering the way of escaping from the challenge and conflict of appearance and the inner self using the approach of interpretation. Ibn Rushd was famous for opposing Al-Ghazali and writing the book Tahaft Al-Tahaft in his critique of Tahaft al-Ghazali philosophers. Despite the criticisms, he is influenced by Al-Ghazali in some cases, and especially in the matter of interpretation. Al-Ghazali has two approaches encountering the problem of interpretation in two intellectual periods, in both of which he has been able to provide a new model by presenting a special approach in interpretation so that others can take a step in this direction and achieve a methodical understanding of religious texts. He has benefited a lot from this research model in understanding Ibn Rushd's text. According to the research findings, Ibn Rushd was influenced by Ghazali both in the nature of interpretation and in the reasoning and necessity of accepting it, as well as in the means of approaching interpretation. In the present descriptive-analytical study, the influence of Ibn Rushd from Ghazali on the issue of interpretation has been investigated.Al-Ghazali and Ibn Rushd are both advocates of using the method of interpretation in understanding the text. Although Ghazali is one of the Ash'arite theologians, in the matter of interpretation in both intellectual periods, he distances himself from thinkers such as Abul Hassan Ash'ari, Baqalani, and Jovini and accepts the methodical interpretation in understanding many verses of the Holy Qur'an. Methodology and adherence to a disciplined mechanism in interpretation are the characteristics of using this method by Al-Ghazali.Ibn Al-Rushd, like Al-Ghazali, does not see a conflict between the outward and inward meaning of the verses of the Holy Qur'an. Interpretation is a method that philosophers have the right to use in understanding the Holy Qur'an. Although this method raised serious objections to Al-Ghazali, it is influenced by Al-Ghazali’s interpretation. Ibn Al-Rushd mentions Al-Ghazali in many cases and considers Ghazali's method in this regard to be correct. He speaks about the nature of interpretation, the necessity of paying attention to it, its types and varieties, the division of the audience of revelation, and the permission and impermissibility of interpretation like Al-Ghazali.

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Averroës' Takfir of al-Ghazālī: Ta'wīl and Causal Kufr, 2021
By: Saja Parvizian
Title Averroës' Takfir of al-Ghazālī: Ta'wīl and Causal Kufr
Type Article
Language English
Date 2021
Journal American journal of Islam and society
Volume 38
Issue 1/2
Pages 60-92
Categories al-Ġazālī, Relation between Philosophy and Theology, Theology
Author(s) Saja Parvizian
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)
Al-Ghazālı̄ famously claims in the Incoherence of the Philosophers that al-Fārābī and Avicenna are unbelievers because they hold philosophical positions that conflict with Islam. What is less well-known, however, is that Averroës claims in the Decisive Treatise that al-Fārābī and Avicenna are not unbelievers; rather, al-Ghazālı̄ is the true unbeliever for writing the Incoherence of the Philosophers. In this paper, my aim is to present a sustained reconstruction of Averroës’ legal and philosophical argument for why al-Ghazālı̄ is an unbeliever. The crux of Averroës’ argument is that al-Ghazālı̄ has expressed false allegorical interpretations of scripture to unqualified persons, which has caused them to fall into unbelief. By being causally responsible for other people’s unbelief, al-Ghazālı̄ is an unbeliever as well.

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The Pilgrimage of Philosophy. A Festschrift for Charles E. Butterworth, 2019
By: René M. Paddags (Ed.), Waseem El-Rayes (Ed.), Gregory A. McBrayer (Ed.)
Title The Pilgrimage of Philosophy. A Festschrift for Charles E. Butterworth
Type Edited Book
Language English
Date 2019
Publication Place South Bend, IN
Publisher St. Augustine’s Press
Categories Politics, Theology, al-Fārābī, al-Ġazālī, Relation between Philosophy and Theology
Author(s) René M. Paddags , Waseem El-Rayes , Gregory A. McBrayer
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)
This book intends to introduce readers to the work of Charles E. Butterworth, and thereby to introduce students to Medieval islamic political philosophy, of which Butterworth is one of the world's most prominent scholars. In a wider sense, the Festschrift introduces its readers to the current debates on Medieval islamic political philosophy, related as they are to the questions of the relationship between islam and Christianity, the Medieval to the Modern world, and reason and revelation. Butterworth's scholarship spans six decades, primarily translating, editing, and interpreting the works of the Muslim political philosopher Alfarabi (d. 950) and Averroes (Ibn Rushd, d. 1198). He began his studies of Muslim political philosophy at a time when the Middle East and islam did not have the political salience they have acquired in more recent years. instead, Butterworth&;s reason for engaging with islam was rooted in the question of the relationship between reason and revelation. While one possible answer was pursued in the Christian, latin West, the islamic borderlands of Greek, Roman, and Muslim civilization offered another. By exploring Averroes, who provides the possibility of an Aristotelian-Islamic political philosophy, and Alfarabi, who pursues a Platonic-islamic political philosophy, Butterworth showed how islamic civilization provided a viable alternative to the theologico-political question reason v revelation, as well as serving as an inspiration to the latin West.

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El pensamiento religioso de Averroes. La teoría de Dios en el “Tahâfut”, 2017
By: Roger Arnaldez
Title El pensamiento religioso de Averroes. La teoría de Dios en el “Tahâfut”
Type Book Section
Language Spanish
Date 2017
Published in La filosofía en Al Ándalus
Pages 453–464
Categories Theology, al-Ġazālī, Relation between Philosophy and Theology
Author(s) Roger Arnaldez
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)

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The philosophers strike back: Averroes and islamic philosophy after al-Ghazali, 2017
By: Anthony Robert Booth
Title The philosophers strike back: Averroes and islamic philosophy after al-Ghazali
Type Book Section
Language English
Date 2017
Published in Analytic Islamic philosophy
Pages 143-169
Categories al-Ġazālī, Relation between Philosophy and Theology
Author(s) Anthony Robert Booth
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)

{"_index":"bib","_type":"_doc","_id":"5477","_score":null,"_ignored":["booksection.book.abstract.keyword"],"_source":{"id":5477,"authors_free":[{"id":6351,"entry_id":5477,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":null,"person_id":1823,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Anthony Robert Booth ","free_first_name":"Anthony Robert ","free_last_name":"Booth","norm_person":{"id":1823,"first_name":"Anthony Robert ","last_name":"Booth","full_name":"Anthony Robert Booth","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"https:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/1128440318","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null,"link":"bib?authors[]=Anthony Robert Booth"}}],"entry_title":"The philosophers strike back: Averroes and islamic philosophy after al-Ghazali","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","main_title":{"title":"The philosophers strike back: Averroes and islamic philosophy after al-Ghazali"},"abstract":"","btype":2,"date":"2017","language":"English","online_url":"","doi_url":"","ti_url":"","categories":[{"id":14,"category_name":"al-\u0120az\u0101l\u012b","link":"bib?categories[]=al-\u0120az\u0101l\u012b"},{"id":47,"category_name":"Relation between Philosophy and Theology","link":"bib?categories[]=Relation between Philosophy and Theology"}],"authors":[{"id":1823,"full_name":"Anthony Robert Booth","role":1}],"works":[],"republication_of":null,"translation_of":null,"new_edition_of":null,"book":null,"booksection":{"id":5477,"section_of":5478,"pages":"143-169","is_catalog":null,"book":{"id":5478,"bilderberg_idno":null,"dare_idno":null,"catalog_idno":null,"entry_type":"bibliography","type":1,"language":"en","title":"Analytic Islamic philosophy","title_transcript":"","title_translation":"","short_title":"","has_no_author":null,"volume":null,"date":"2017","edition_no":null,"free_date":null,"abstract":"This book is an introduction to Islamic Philosophy, beginning with its Medieval inception, right through to its more contemporary incarnations. Using the language and conceptual apparatus of contemporary Anglo-American 'Analytic' philosophy, this book represents a novel and creative attempt to rejuvenate Islamic Philosophy for a modern audience. It adopts a 'rational reconstructive' approach to the history of philosophy by affording maximum hermeneutical priority to the strongest possible interpretation of a philosopher's arguments while also paying attention to the historical context in which they worked. The central canonical figures of Medieval Islamic Philosophy - al-Kindi, al-Farabi, Avicenna, al-Ghazali, Averroes - are presented chronologically along with an introduction to the central themes of Islamic theology and the Greek philosophical tradition they inherited. The book then briefly introduces what the author collectively refers to as the 'Pre-Modern' figures including Suhrawardi, Mulla Sadra, and Ibn Taymiyyah, and presents all of these thinkers, along with their Medieval predecessors, as forerunners to the more modern incarnation of Islamic Philosophy: Political Islam.","republication_of":0,"online_url":"","online_resources":null,"translation_of":"0","new_edition_of":"0","is_catalog":0,"in_bibliography":0,"is_inactive":0,"notes":null,"ti_url":"","doi_url":"","book":{"id":5478,"pubplace":"London","publisher":"Palgrave Macmillan","series":"Palgrave philosophy today","volume":"","edition_no":"","valid_from":null,"valid_until":null},"persons":[{"id":6352,"entry_id":5478,"agent_type":"person","is_normalised":1,"person_id":1823,"institution_id":null,"role":{"id":1,"role_name":"author"},"free_name":"Anthony Robert Booth","free_first_name":"Anthony Robert","free_last_name":"Booth","norm_person":{"id":1823,"first_name":"Anthony Robert ","last_name":"Booth","full_name":"Anthony Robert Booth","short_ident":"","is_classical_name":null,"dnb_url":"https:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/1128440318","viaf_url":"","db_url":"","from_claudius":null}}]}},"article":null},"sort":[2017]}

Islam and Rationality: The Impact of al-Ghazâlî. Papers Collected on His 900th Anniversary Vol. 1, 2015
By: Georges Tamer (Ed.)
Title Islam and Rationality: The Impact of al-Ghazâlî. Papers Collected on His 900th Anniversary Vol. 1
Type Edited Book
Language English
Date 2015
Publication Place Leiden, Boston
Publisher Brill
Series Islamic Philosophy, Theology and Science. Texts and Studies
Volume 94
Categories al-Ġazālī, Theology, Tradition and Reception, Relation between Philosophy and Theology
Author(s) Georges Tamer
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)
This volume offers an account of Abū Ḥāmid al-Ghazālī (d. 505/1111) as a rational theologian who created a symbiosis of philosophy and theology and infused rationality into Sufism. The majority of the papers herein deal with important topics of al-Ghazālī’s work, which demonstrate his rational treatment of the Qurʾān and major subjects of Islamic theology and everyday life of Muslims. Some other contributions address al-Ghazālī’s sources and how his intellectual endeavors were later received by scholars who had the same concern of reconciling religion and rationality within Islam, Christianity and Judaism. With contributions by Binyamin Abrahamov, Hans Daiber, Ken Garden, Avner Giladi, Scott Girdner, Frank Griffel, Steven Harvey, Alfred Ivry, Jules Janssens, Taneli Kukkonen, Luis Xavier López-Farjeat, Wilferd Madelung, Yahya M. Michot, Yasien Mohamed, Eric Ormsby, M. Sait Özervarlı, and Hidemi Takahashi.

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Understanding the Qur’anic Miracle Stories in the Modern Age (Signifying [on] Scriptures), 2013
By: Isra Yazicioglu
Title Understanding the Qur’anic Miracle Stories in the Modern Age (Signifying [on] Scriptures)
Type Monograph
Language English
Date 2013
Publication Place University Park, Pennsylvania
Publisher The Pennsylvania State University Press
Categories Theology, Relation between Philosophy and Theology, al-Ġazālī
Author(s) Isra Yazicioglu
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)
Understanding the Qurʾanic Miracle Stories in the Modern Age explores the ways in which meaningful implications have been drawn from stories of miracles in the Qurʾan. Isra Yazicioglu describes the fascinating medieval Muslim debate over miracles and connects its insights with early and late modern turning points in Western thought and with contemporary Qurʾanic interpretation. Building on an apparent tension within the Qurʾan and analyzing crucial cases of classical and modern Muslim engagement with these miracle stories, she illustrates how an apparent site of conflict between faith and reason, or revelation and science, can lead to fruitful exchange. A distinctive contribution to a new trend in Qurʾanic studies, this volume reveals the presence of insightful Qurʾanic interpretation outside of the traditional line-by-line commentary genre, engaging with the works of Ghazali, Ibn Rushd, and Said Nursi. Scholars of Islam, philosophy, and the intersection of science and religion will especially want to engage with Yazicioglu’s study.

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Haec igitur est nostra lex. Teologia e filosofia nel commento di Agostino Nifo alla Destructio destructionum di Averroè, 2013
By: Guido Giglioni
Title Haec igitur est nostra lex. Teologia e filosofia nel commento di Agostino Nifo alla Destructio destructionum di Averroè
Type Book Section
Language Italian
Date 2013
Published in L'averroismo in età moderna (1400–1700)
Pages 125–144
Categories Theology, Agostino Nifo, al-Ġazālī, Relation between Philosophy and Theology
Author(s) Guido Giglioni
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)

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Al-Miklātī, a Twelfth Century Aš’arite Reader of Averroes, 2012
By: Yamina Adouhane, Yamina Adouhane
Title Al-Miklātī, a Twelfth Century Aš’arite Reader of Averroes
Type Article
Language English
Date 2012
Journal Arabic Sciences and Philosophy
Volume 22
Issue 2
Pages 155–197
Categories Proceedings, Relation between Philosophy and Theology, al-Ġazālī
Author(s) Yamina Adouhane , Yamina Adouhane
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)
The aim of this article is to present a new witness of Averroes' reception in the Muslim world, in the years that immediately followed his death. Indeed Abū al-Ḥağğāğ al-Miklātī (d. 1237) is an Ašʿarite theologian, who was born in Fez. He is the author of a Quintessence of the Intellects in Response to Philosophers on the Science of Principles in which he aims at refuting the Peripatetic philosophers in their own field, using their own weapons. This article will first attempt to draw the portrait of this atypical theologian. It will then focus on showing that al-Miklātī – although he never mentions his name – is a reader of Averroes and in particular, of his Tahāfut al-Tahāfut, of which he makes various and unexpected uses. A close look at these uses will enable us to better define the nature of al-Miklātī's work. More importantly, this article will try to prove that al-Miklātī provides us with a key passage of Averroes' lost treatise On the Prime Mover. At the heart of the Rushdian criticism of Avicenna's “metaphysical” proof, this passage should throw new light on Averroes' precise understanding of this proof.

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Al-Miklātī, a Twelfth Century Aš’arite Reader of Averroes, 2012
By: Yamina Adouhane, Yamina Adouhane
Title Al-Miklātī, a Twelfth Century Aš’arite Reader of Averroes
Type Article
Language English
Date 2012
Journal Arabic Sciences and Philosophy
Volume 22
Issue 2
Pages 155–197
Categories Proceedings, Relation between Philosophy and Theology, al-Ġazālī
Author(s) Yamina Adouhane , Yamina Adouhane
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)
The aim of this article is to present a new witness of Averroes' reception in the Muslim world, in the years that immediately followed his death. Indeed Abū al-Ḥağğāğ al-Miklātī (d. 1237) is an Ašʿarite theologian, who was born in Fez. He is the author of a Quintessence of the Intellects in Response to Philosophers on the Science of Principles in which he aims at refuting the Peripatetic philosophers in their own field, using their own weapons. This article will first attempt to draw the portrait of this atypical theologian. It will then focus on showing that al-Miklātī – although he never mentions his name – is a reader of Averroes and in particular, of his Tahāfut al-Tahāfut, of which he makes various and unexpected uses. A close look at these uses will enable us to better define the nature of al-Miklātī's work. More importantly, this article will try to prove that al-Miklātī provides us with a key passage of Averroes' lost treatise On the Prime Mover. At the heart of the Rushdian criticism of Avicenna's “metaphysical” proof, this passage should throw new light on Averroes' precise understanding of this proof.

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AverroesのDestructio Destructionum におけるPhysicaについて, 1972
By: Chisato Tanaka
Title AverroesのDestructio Destructionum におけるPhysicaについて
Transcription Averroes no Destructio Destructionum ni okeru Physica ni tsuite
Translation About the Physica in Averroes' Destructio Destructionum
Type Article
Language Japanese
Date 1972
Journal Chūsei Shisō Kenkyū
Volume 14
Pages 86–95
Categories al-Ġazālī, Physics, Relation between Philosophy and Theology
Author(s) Chisato Tanaka
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)

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Averroës' Takfir of al-Ghazālī: Ta'wīl and Causal Kufr, 2021
By: Saja Parvizian
Title Averroës' Takfir of al-Ghazālī: Ta'wīl and Causal Kufr
Type Article
Language English
Date 2021
Journal American journal of Islam and society
Volume 38
Issue 1/2
Pages 60-92
Categories al-Ġazālī, Relation between Philosophy and Theology, Theology
Author(s) Saja Parvizian
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)
Al-Ghazālı̄ famously claims in the Incoherence of the Philosophers that al-Fārābī and Avicenna are unbelievers because they hold philosophical positions that conflict with Islam. What is less well-known, however, is that Averroës claims in the Decisive Treatise that al-Fārābī and Avicenna are not unbelievers; rather, al-Ghazālı̄ is the true unbeliever for writing the Incoherence of the Philosophers. In this paper, my aim is to present a sustained reconstruction of Averroës’ legal and philosophical argument for why al-Ghazālı̄ is an unbeliever. The crux of Averroës’ argument is that al-Ghazālı̄ has expressed false allegorical interpretations of scripture to unqualified persons, which has caused them to fall into unbelief. By being causally responsible for other people’s unbelief, al-Ghazālı̄ is an unbeliever as well.

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El pensamiento religioso de Averroes. La teoría de Dios en el “Tahâfut”, 2017
By: Roger Arnaldez
Title El pensamiento religioso de Averroes. La teoría de Dios en el “Tahâfut”
Type Book Section
Language Spanish
Date 2017
Published in La filosofía en Al Ándalus
Pages 453–464
Categories Theology, al-Ġazālī, Relation between Philosophy and Theology
Author(s) Roger Arnaldez
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)

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Haec igitur est nostra lex. Teologia e filosofia nel commento di Agostino Nifo alla Destructio destructionum di Averroè, 2013
By: Guido Giglioni
Title Haec igitur est nostra lex. Teologia e filosofia nel commento di Agostino Nifo alla Destructio destructionum di Averroè
Type Book Section
Language Italian
Date 2013
Published in L'averroismo in età moderna (1400–1700)
Pages 125–144
Categories Theology, Agostino Nifo, al-Ġazālī, Relation between Philosophy and Theology
Author(s) Guido Giglioni
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)

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Ibn Rushd and his Criticism for Esh’arism, 2010
By: Orhan Atalay
Title Ibn Rushd and his Criticism for Esh’arism
Type Article
Language English
Date 2010
Journal Journal of Islamic Research
Volume 3
Issue 2
Pages 82-97
Categories al-Ġazālī, Theology, Relation between Philosophy and Theology
Author(s) Orhan Atalay
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)

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Ibn Rushd, "The incoherence of the incoherence", 2005
By: Muhammad Ali Khalidi
Title Ibn Rushd, "The incoherence of the incoherence"
Type Book Section
Language English
Date 2005
Published in Medieval Islamic philosophical writings
Pages XXXIV-XL, 155-180
Categories al-Ġazālī, Relation between Philosophy and Theology
Author(s) Muhammad Ali Khalidi
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)

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Investigating the Influence of Ibn Rushd from Ghazali on the Issue of Interpretation of Religious Texts, 2022
By: Abuzar Rajabi, Morsal Azizi
Title Investigating the Influence of Ibn Rushd from Ghazali on the Issue of Interpretation of Religious Texts
Type Article
Language Arabic
Date 2022
Journal Comparative Theology
Volume 13
Issue 27
Pages 1-16
Categories al-Ġazālī, Influence, Relation between Philosophy and Theology
Author(s) Abuzar Rajabi , Morsal Azizi
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)
Islamic thinkers do not think alike about understanding similar verses and the issue of the appearance and interiority of verses, and sometimes there are fundamental differences between them. Al-Ghazali and Ibn Rushd are in favor of using the method of interpretation in understanding similar verses and considering the way of escaping from the challenge and conflict of appearance and the inner self using the approach of interpretation. Ibn Rushd was famous for opposing Al-Ghazali and writing the book Tahaft Al-Tahaft in his critique of Tahaft al-Ghazali philosophers. Despite the criticisms, he is influenced by Al-Ghazali in some cases, and especially in the matter of interpretation. Al-Ghazali has two approaches encountering the problem of interpretation in two intellectual periods, in both of which he has been able to provide a new model by presenting a special approach in interpretation so that others can take a step in this direction and achieve a methodical understanding of religious texts. He has benefited a lot from this research model in understanding Ibn Rushd's text. According to the research findings, Ibn Rushd was influenced by Ghazali both in the nature of interpretation and in the reasoning and necessity of accepting it, as well as in the means of approaching interpretation. In the present descriptive-analytical study, the influence of Ibn Rushd from Ghazali on the issue of interpretation has been investigated.Al-Ghazali and Ibn Rushd are both advocates of using the method of interpretation in understanding the text. Although Ghazali is one of the Ash'arite theologians, in the matter of interpretation in both intellectual periods, he distances himself from thinkers such as Abul Hassan Ash'ari, Baqalani, and Jovini and accepts the methodical interpretation in understanding many verses of the Holy Qur'an. Methodology and adherence to a disciplined mechanism in interpretation are the characteristics of using this method by Al-Ghazali.Ibn Al-Rushd, like Al-Ghazali, does not see a conflict between the outward and inward meaning of the verses of the Holy Qur'an. Interpretation is a method that philosophers have the right to use in understanding the Holy Qur'an. Although this method raised serious objections to Al-Ghazali, it is influenced by Al-Ghazali’s interpretation. Ibn Al-Rushd mentions Al-Ghazali in many cases and considers Ghazali's method in this regard to be correct. He speaks about the nature of interpretation, the necessity of paying attention to it, its types and varieties, the division of the audience of revelation, and the permission and impermissibility of interpretation like Al-Ghazali.

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Islam and Rationality: The Impact of al-Ghazâlî. Papers Collected on His 900th Anniversary Vol. 1, 2015
By: Georges Tamer (Ed.)
Title Islam and Rationality: The Impact of al-Ghazâlî. Papers Collected on His 900th Anniversary Vol. 1
Type Edited Book
Language English
Date 2015
Publication Place Leiden, Boston
Publisher Brill
Series Islamic Philosophy, Theology and Science. Texts and Studies
Volume 94
Categories al-Ġazālī, Theology, Tradition and Reception, Relation between Philosophy and Theology
Author(s) Georges Tamer
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)
This volume offers an account of Abū Ḥāmid al-Ghazālī (d. 505/1111) as a rational theologian who created a symbiosis of philosophy and theology and infused rationality into Sufism. The majority of the papers herein deal with important topics of al-Ghazālī’s work, which demonstrate his rational treatment of the Qurʾān and major subjects of Islamic theology and everyday life of Muslims. Some other contributions address al-Ghazālī’s sources and how his intellectual endeavors were later received by scholars who had the same concern of reconciling religion and rationality within Islam, Christianity and Judaism. With contributions by Binyamin Abrahamov, Hans Daiber, Ken Garden, Avner Giladi, Scott Girdner, Frank Griffel, Steven Harvey, Alfred Ivry, Jules Janssens, Taneli Kukkonen, Luis Xavier López-Farjeat, Wilferd Madelung, Yahya M. Michot, Yasien Mohamed, Eric Ormsby, M. Sait Özervarlı, and Hidemi Takahashi.

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La risposta di Averroé alla XIV quaestio del « Tahafut » di Ghazālī intorno al movimento celeste, 1979
By: Giulio A. Lucchetta
Title La risposta di Averroé alla XIV quaestio del « Tahafut » di Ghazālī intorno al movimento celeste
Type Article
Language Italian
Date 1979
Journal Rivista di Filosofia Neo-Scolastica
Volume 71
Issue 3
Pages 497-507
Categories Relation between Philosophy and Theology, Physics, al-Ġazālī
Author(s) Giulio A. Lucchetta
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)

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